
In 1105 Damascene Muslim jurisprudent 'Ali ibn Tahir al-Sulami (d. 1106) dictated a call to the military jihad against the European invaders. Entitled Kitab al-Jihad, al-Sulami's work summoned his Muslim brethren to the jihad and instructed them in the manner in which it ought to be conducted. The text is vital for understan
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